The wavelength and frequency of a wave are related to one another by the speed of travel of the wave, which depends on the type of wave and the medium through which it is passing. Using this resource students find the arrival times of P-waves and S-waves using a seismogram. Graphs, charts, and images can be used to identify patterns in data. d>(ZvO= PDF ActivityEarthquake Location* - Cascadia Earthscope Earthquake and The distance to the earthquake epicenter is then determined using the "Earthquake P-Wave and S-Wave Travel Time" graph. These natural disasters may be mitigated, however, by insightful and creative engineering. Accessed December 11, 2013. http://www.sciencecourseware.com/virtualearthquake/, USGS Earthquake Magnitude Policy (implemented on January 18, 2002). Thus, the Richter scale is used for measuring small earthquakes (3.5 M or less), while the moment magnitude scale is used for measuring stronger earthquakes (3.5 M or higher). ?t?s=Yt '_( endstream endobj 76 0 obj <>stream Please answer the following questions using the earthquake video shake, shake, shake. Notify the classroom teacher of technology needs (overhead projector). Use this information to complete the following. Earthquake Location 2 Using the skills that you acquired in the picking P and S arrivals, you can now locate an earthquake using real seismic records. First, determine the P-wave arrival, and read down to the bottom of the seismogram to note at what time (usually marked in seconds) that the P-wave arrived. The calculated distance from each seismometer to the earthquake is shown as a circle. Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answer Key activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter The Science of Earthquakes | U.S. Geological Survey An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one . 1. Record your answer from Lab Exercise #2, Step 1. Practice with Triangulation: Locating an earthquake epicenter. Quick Tips. Richter scale Method of earthquake measurement based on the amplitude of seismic . Use Figure 4.5 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4.4 to determine the distance between each station and THREE SEISMOGRAMS the epicenter. 0000005081 00000 n To complete the activity, some prior . 0000001604 00000 n 9 - Locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet answer key, locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet pdf, chapter 7 lab 1 locating epicenters answer key, how many seismographs are needed to locate the epicenter of an earthquake. One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. Explains how to find an earthquake epicenter using at least three seismograph stations. 12), Seek, evaluate, and use a variety of specialized resources available from libraries, the Internet, and the community to find scientific information on Earth's history 0000001143 00000 n 0000030968 00000 n 87 0 obj <> endobj xref 87 28 0000000016 00000 n Specifically, seismographs make recordings (seismograms) of the seismic waves generated from earthquakes, providing engineers and other researchers with data that they use to make predictions about future earthquakes. The vertical lines, spaced one In the U.S., earthquake measurements under the MMS (those of magnitude 3.5 or higher) are still commonly erroneously referred to by the general public and media as being on the Richter scale, due to more familiarity with the Richter scale. 6.17: Locating Earthquake Epicenters - K12 LibreTexts If the lag time were measured at a location closer to the epicenter, The period of a wave is the time between two adj, How does the period of the P waves compare to t. Use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of earthquakes. Finally, the location of the 3 seismographs are placed on a map and the distance to the epicenter is used to draw a circle with an origin at each seismograph and a radius equal to the distance to the epicenter as taken from each seismogram. "`B(R6sj [CX7p+s =#;~ `'kA Sixty-seven people lost their lives, and property damage was estimated at $6 billion. 0000005149 00000 n 61 0 obj <> endobj xref long will it take, to the nearest 0. minutes, for the first P waves to travel from the epicenter to your station? What are those limits? In order to determine the location of an earthquake epicenter, seismographs from at least three different places are needed for a particular event. These distances are determined using a travel-time curve, which is a graph of Pand S-wave arrival times (see Figure 13.11). 0000033429 00000 n The spot where those three circles intersect is the epicenter (Figure 13.12). Great-circle arcs are drawn on the globe using the distance of the earthquake to the station as a radius. PDF Locating an Epicenter Activity - Arkansas Geological Survey 5. focus - the point within Earth where an earthquake originates. This page titled 13.4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter is shared under a CC BY-SA license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Deline, Harris & Tefend (GALILEO Open Learning Materials) . seismogram. %PDF-1.3 % Introduction: Before student pairs look at the Earthquakes Living Lab, direct them to complete the Engage section of the Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet, which asks them to apply any prior knowledge and/or speculate as to what the Richter magnitude scale is and what an epicenter is. Focus. and S waves depends on the distance from the epicenter of the answer the following question. 0000001978 00000 n Also called seismometer. epicenter: A point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the place where the underground forces of an earthquake originate. https://people.wou.edu/~taylors/gs104/lab5key.pdf Locating Earthquake Epicenters | CK-12 Foundation Apr 8, 2020 . BDF endstream endobj 74 0 obj <>stream The arrival of seismic waves will be recognized by an increase in amplitude look for a pattern change as lines get taller and more closely spaced (ex. You learned that seismologists determine the distance to the earthquake epicenter using the difference between S and P wave arrival times. 0000103591 00000 n They make a model of a seismographa measuring device that records an earthquake on a seismogram. 0000006538 00000 n 61 33 Then do the same for the S-wave. This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. Where the 3 circles intersect is the approximate location to the epicenter of the earthquake. 0000002009 00000 n Lab Activity Locating Epicenters Flashcards | Quizlet 12), computer or other device with Internet access, journal or writing paper for each student. Student exploration Graphing Skills SE Key Gizmos Explore Learning. 2. 0000115324 00000 n So next, students compute the magnitude of this same earthquake by looking at the three simplified seismograms again, but this time selecting each's maximum S wave amplitude (height). Then locate and click the link in the center of the page under the question: "How is an earthquake epicenter located and how is magnitude determined?" 4. When the tension becomes too great, the fault slips, causing an earthquake. technology, engineering or math (STEM) educational standards. 0000001396 00000 n For example, Refer to the data table and use the difference in arrival times to determine the distance to the earthquake epicenter for Station 2. Have students click on the Earthquakes Living Lab hyperlink in the top left in the earthquakes section. (Figure 3):. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. PS: We do not share personal information or emails with anyone. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. To locate the epicenter of the earthquake, seismologists use the . time for any point that is 3,000 miles xb``d``Id`a`Ab@_ :iWGi>|q` Direct student pairs to independently complete the tutorial/simulation to find an epicenter location via the triangulation method and compute the earthquake magnitude: The simulation directs students to look at three simplified seismograms from seismic stations in Chile (Talca, Santiago, Osorno) and select the correct measurements of the S-P intervals. Do you think we will someday be able to prevent earthquakes? How Can I Locate the Earthquake Epicenter? | Michigan Technological [k0 |`2dGXGGGd00A(60P-e = F5n -f$ C The moment magnitude scale (MMS) was developed in the 1970s as a modification of the Richter scale and is better for measuring big earthquakes but less good for small ones. Please answer the following questions using the earthquake video - shake, shake, shake. trailer <<320C1F98F8FF4795B5CCB8D9E9A0B99B>]/Prev 812054/XRefStm 1396>> startxref 0 %%EOF 93 0 obj <>stream directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter. Solved ACTIVITY 2B Locating an Earthquake Figure 5 shows - Chegg Section A - Operator Information 1. Solved Lab Exercise #2: Locating the Epicenter of an - Chegg 0000000956 00000 n Today, most seismologists no longer follow Richter's original methodology because it does not give reliable results when applied to stronger earthquakes and it was not designed to use data from earthquakes recorded at epicentral distances greater than ~600 km. 83 0 obj <> endobj This activity is designed around the Earthquakes Living Lab, a resource and online interface that uses real-time U.S. Geological Survey seismic data from around the world. In order to determine the location of an earthquake epicenter, seismographsfrom at least three different places are needed for a particular event. The spot where those three circles intersect is the epicenter (Figure 13.12). Engineers first determine where earthquakes are likely to occur, and how severe they are likely to be. Explain the difference between S and P waves, and how their time interval is used to determine the epicenter location. The three seismograms in this activity are unfi ltered station records from a single event that occurred on August 1, 1999. 12 Earthquake Location Lab Answer Key Full PDF - www.yvc.moeys.gov (Grades The longer the time is between the P-and S-wave . Then locate and click the link in the center of the page under the question: "How is an earthquake epicenter located and how is magnitude determined"? What is the Pwaves have the greatest velocity and reach the, seismic station first. S-P interval: The time interval between the arrivals of P and S waves. The, amount of time that passes between the Pwave arrival and the Swave arrival is. 0000002544 00000 n What is an earthquake? consider a seismograph stationed 3, Using historical seismographs, engineers forecast the strength or magnitude of earthquakes and make predictions and determine building codes and safety protocols. Overhead transparency of each of the handouts, Overhead projector (contact classroom teacher about this) and screen, Optional: overhead transparency or PowerPoint of, What do you know about the causes and impacts of Earthquakes? Epicenter is the location on the surface of the Earth directly above where the earthquake starts. In this investigation, participants will understand that S and P waves are used to find the epicenter of an earthquake by using seismograph data to triangulate an epicenter. Follow this simple guide to edit Locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet answer key in PDF format online free of charge: Explore all the advantages of our editor right now! Expert Answer. It is slower than the same earthquake's P wave and cannot travel through liquids. Pwaves have the greatest velocity and reach theseismic station first. [N'. Most of these earthquakes are small tremors that cant be felt by people, but occasionally an earthquake occurs on a large magnitude that causes millions of dollars in property damage and kills hundreds to thousands of people. Seismic stations detect earthquakes by the tracings made on seismographs. For this activity, select the "Chile" box. (Source: USGS). As the drum rotated, t, pen recorded the arrival of P, S, and surface, between arrival of P and S waves is called, epicenter, the longer the lag time measured, velocity, amplitude, and frequency of the. Richter magnitude scale: An earthquake measurement scale created in the 1930s to assign a single number to quantify the energy released during earthquakes. The USGS and its partners monitor and report earthquakes, assess earthquake impacts and hazards, and . (Grades 1. 0000005544 00000 n hb```b````e``n`d@ A 'EF''oquE"ky#:}m;9JmkPt~=unFHy&|X:70 vILZ*|%6mD! Yw8SxGk}X3kfTfW& gk`41#'uf7"G\fsN4^8jC7[+%`qFLFKpFc The nations most famous fault is the San Andreas Fault, which runs along a north-south trend in southern California, and happens to run directly through Los Angeles. For example, the western United States has earthquakes more frequently and on a larger scale than the eastern part of the country. Click on New Document and select the file importing option: upload Locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet answer key from your device, the cloud, or a protected link. Objective Use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of earthquakes. 12), Evaluate ways that technology can impact individuals, society, and the environment. Many updates and improvements! Before going to the classroom, you will need to: Provide each student, with the following: Earthquakes occur every day all over the United States and all over the world. Details. (Grades To do this, have the students use, Find the epicenter of the earthquake on the map (. Add to FlexBook Textbook. In this activity, students use an online simulationVirtual Earthquakethat is accessible through the Earthquakes Living Lab interface, to locate the epicenter of an earthquake by making simple measurement on three seismograms, recordings of an earthquake's seismic waves detected by instruments (seismographs) far away from the earthquake. !D,X2:azTG)kPT~Mj 4>d w@O'. Students first triangulate the location of an earthquake's epicenter, then calculate its magnitude. Virtual Earthquake (tutorial/simulation) 1996. Triangulation and Magnitude: Student pairs complete the worksheet, which includes following a tutorial/simulation accessed through the Earthquakes Living Lab. The lag time for any Earth and Space, Physical Science, A process called triangulation uses seismic data from three locations to identify the epicenter of an earthquake.copyrightCopyright USGS http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/kids/eqscience.php. Triangulation to Locate an Earthquake By Earthquake Hazards Original Thumbnail Medium Detailed Description Triangulation can be used to locate an earthquake. For purposes of this activity, the least complicated and probably most accurate approach is to just use the term "magnitude," without needing to say "on the Richter scale" or "on the moment magnitude scale." Thanks for your feedback! If you draw a circle on a map around three different seismographs where the radius of each is the distance from that station to the earthquake, the intersection of those three circles is the epicenter. Millions of people witnessed the motion of the earthquake on television. Doing this generates an S-P interval graph (time vs. distance, called the travel-time curve graph) from which they determine and select three epicentral distances. The uses of technologies and any limitations on their use are driven by individual or societal needs, desires, and values; by the findings of scientific research; and by differences in such factors as climate, natural resources, and economic conditions. How does distance from the epicenter affect the magnitude (height) of the seismograph reading? cCV&0Lw1~c\4QA!{q: N3\`Lccgb,x/if`WH3(\'q)Da'@ | endstream endobj 92 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/Index[57 4]/Length 20/Size 61/Type/XRef/W[1 1 1]>>stream Entering the three maximum amplitudes generates a nomogram, a graphical device that simplifies the process of estimating magnitude from distance (determined earlier in the tutorial from the S-P interval process) and amplitude. The answer is the San Andreas Fault. ya{I;W@DgMN2:UtbT=*+cY1.8Vm(u3Zt"J @9TAjJH@H_F3n7\Srdw~gAR#JQGj`ueS! The longer the time between the arrival of the P-wave and S-wave, the farther away is the epicenter. Locating Earthquake Epicenters ( Read ) | Earth Science The magnitude determination is based on seismic data. The farther away the epicenter is, the greater the difference . Must engineers be content with mitigating disasters, instead of preventing them? Key Facts & Information. For lower grades, just introduce the concepts of triangulation and the magnitude scale; a thorough understanding of P and S waves is not vital. !5(~q* 0000003991 00000 n PDF Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answers - Full PDF Nov 2, 2020 Triangulation is used to determine the location of an earthquake. 0000030504 00000 n In Figure 13.9, there is an example seismogram from a station that includes a minor earthquake. Several thousand seismographs exist at locations around the planet, continuously measuring abnormalities in the Earth's movement. 0000004457 00000 n Why might the triangulation method not always produce an exact point (other than your measurement errors)? (Source: USGS, Wikipedia). Resources. Thanks for your feedback! Mr Gneiss. If less precision is desired, precede M with a tilde, such as "M ~7" or "magnitude ~6.8.". hb```f``Rl@ (l"`+uk?0.a~@6Vm;| G3f`75@v@Wz|A4#w9{(` ) Also commonly termed the focus. 0000002383 00000 n Answer the following questions in the spaces provided. The earthquake occurred somewhere along that circle. Describe the logarithmic nature of the earthquake magnitude scale. How many minutes elapsed between the arrival of the first P wave and the last measurable For upper grades, have students work individually, do two of the three seismic area tutorials, and look up historical earthquakes to learn their magnitudes, and make data tables or graphs with this information. Once three seismographs have been located, find the time interval between the arrival of the P-wave and the arrival of the S-wave. Finding the epicenter worksheet answer key. Epicenter. 17 Station St., Ste 3 Brookline, MA 02445. What is an earthquake? A circle with a radius of the distance to the quake can be drawn. 0 Earthquake Worksheet Answers Choose an answer and hit 'next'. Triangulation is required to determine exactly where it happened. 01. Do you agree with this alignment? Ch Person/Attorney Filing: - Superior Court - Maricopa County - superiorcourt maricopa. Empirical evidence is required to differentiate between cause and correlation and make claims about specific causes and effects. moment magnitude scale: Similar to the Richter scale, but replacing its use starting in the 1970s for more accuracy in measuring big earthquakes (magnitudes > 3.5) from greater distances. *The NGSS logo is a registered trademark of WestEd. Earthquakes Living Lab: Finding Epicenters & Measuring Magnitudes. ACTIVITY 4.2B Locating an Earthquake Figure 4.5 shows - Chegg El trmino tambin puede hacer referencia al ttulo o nombre de alguien a quien se di, Practica II - De Psicologian membrete es aquello que se ubica en el sector superior de una pgina, mencionando el ttulo o el nombre de un individuo, una empresa, etc.